The following data is an export of the research information system CRIS.
Current research projects at the Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
Funding source: Stiftungen
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Carolin Müller
Assistant professors
Contact
Rhodopsins are light sensitive proteins that play key roles in vision and other biological processes. Although they share the same light absorbing molecule, their responses vary due to the surrounding protein environment. This project uses machine learning together with simulations and experiments to understand and predict these light driven reactions, with the aim of enabling the design of new light sensitive proteins for applications in biology and medicine.
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andriy Mokhir
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andriy Mokhir
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Acronym: DFG 50140216
Project leader:
The definitive replacement of fossil fuels by solar fuels requires to improve the conversion efficiencies that are available today. Notably, inspirational natural photosynthesis is not very efficient in terms of solar energy conversion to fuels. Photosynthetic chromophores dissipate one fourth of the absorbed light via internal conversion (IC) followed by vibrational relaxation (VR) to the lowest energy excited states. IC and VR shape a decay cascade for the excited state population, that reache…
Funding source: Stiftungen
Acronym: HRCD 2024
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Carolin Müller
Assistant professors
Contact
This project focuses on improving the use of visible light in chemical reactions through computational approaches, aiming to optimize energy transfer catalysis. By studying the relationship between molecular structures and energy gaps, the project seeks to develop design principles that guide more efficient chemical processes, particularly in reactions involving the selective isomerization of alkenes.
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Dr. Ryan Crisp
Research associates
Contact
Während erneuerbare Energiequellen zunehmend fossile Brennstoffe in der Stromerzeugung ersetzen, erfordert ihre weitreichende Nutzung weitere Fortschritte hinsichtlich der Materialeigenschaften und Verarbeitungskosten, um das EU-Ziel einer kohlenstoffarmen Wirtschaft bis 2050 zu erreichen. Die effizientere Umwandlung von Solarenergie in Elektrizität mit kostengünstigeren Materialien und einfacheren Methoden steht im Mittelpunkt der Erforschung erneuerbarer Energie. Hierbei erzielte die Entwicklu…
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt (BMFTR)
Acronym: MobiliKat
Project leader:
Funding source: Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst (StMWK) (seit 2018)
Acronym: BaCzALD
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
TheBaCzALD partnerswill invent new chemistry and develop newprocesses for creating two-dimensional photoactive semiconductors using atomic layerdeposition (ALD), specifically the newly established technology of ALD fromprecursors dissolved in liquid solvents (‘solution ALD’, sALD). Wewill aim for ‘post-graphene’ semiconductors based specifically on the elements of group 15,including elemental phosphorus and antimony (‘phosphorene’ and ‘antimonene’).BTHA funding will support the synthesis of new…
Funding source: EU / European Research Council
Acronym: SmartRust
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Karl Mandel
Head
Contact
So far, materials are seen as passive items. This project aims at providing a solution that can turn objects into matter that can perceive and communicate trigger events. If materials are turned capable of reporting their encountered history, this will significantly contribute to i) ensuring product safety and reliability, ii) making predictive maintenance possible, iii) making complex recycling fates of materials transparent, and iv) enabling autonomous, robot-controlled, resilient manufacturin…
Funding source: Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: ERC Starting Grant
Acronym: BRAINMASTER
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Danijela Gregurec
WISNA Professors
Contact
A new era in neuromodulation is emerging, driven by the potential of functional materials to control neural activity. Analysing neural signals could create a feedback loop for therapy or compensate for lost functions. However, current methods often rely on large, chronically implanted hardware, which raises safety concerns and suffers from poor resolution. The ERC-funded BRAINMASTER project will develop a wireless and minimally invasive neuromodulation method using magnetic nanodiscs (MNDs). The…
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Acronym: FI899/11-1
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dagmar Fischer
Professors
Contact
Therapeutic options for Cystic Fibrosis (CF), the most common genetic metabolic disease in Europe, are insufficient. We propose a novel therapeutic strategy that obviates the need to overcome the human epithelial airway barrier by directly addressing the bacterial infections that cause respiratory failure and high CF patient mortality. Namely, an inhalable application of antisense oligomers (ASOs) targeting selectively the chronic microbial pulmonary CF lung infections. To create a basis for thi…
Funding source: DFG / Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP)
Acronym: PiezoTUNE
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Dirk Zahn
Professors
Contact
The overarching aim of the present project aims at the tailor-made syntheses and characterization of metal nitrides with enhanced piezoelectric properties. For this, in-depth understanding of III1-xMexN and MeN crystal growth from experiments and atomistic simulations will be provided - both for ammonia- and nitrogen-based gas phases and solutions. The handshaking of molecular simulations and syntheses experiments shall firstly elaborate a profound rationalization of the fundamental mechanisms a…
Funding source: EU / Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Acronym: INTRABRAIN
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Danijela Gregurec
WISNA Professors
Contact
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are engineered viruses that selectively infect and destroy tumour cells while stimulating anti-cancer immune responses. They represent a promising immunotherapy strategy against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive brain cancer with limited treatment options. With the support of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions programme, the INTRABRAIN project proposes to combine OVs with nanoparticles to create scalable, off-the-shelf therapeutic vaccines. The OVs will b…
Funding source: Marie-Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
Acronym: SUSNAMU
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Danijela Gregurec
WISNA Professors
Contact
Nanocellulose and beta-amyloids proteins derived from waste byproducts, such as banana pseudostems, palm oil empty fruit bunches, discarded milk, and tofu production residues, will be used to fabricate films as alternatives to conventional plastics. These films will be produced using casting and electrospinning techniques, combined with other natural biopolymers, including lignin, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and bioadditives. Films will be surface engineered with the spray layer by layer t…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1719 Z
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1719 M02
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Carolin Müller
Assistant professors
Contact
Project M2 is devoted to the development and application of approaches to explore structure- and size-dependent properties of excited state phenomena in transition metal dichalcogenides, V-VI chalcogenides, and perovskites as well as molecular photoswitches anchored on thes ematerials, including electronic absorption and emission spectra and the yield and rate of certain photoinduced processes. The developed procedures will be critically validated through close collaboration with experimental sp…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1719 F04
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Project F4 takes solution ALD (from C1) to applications by demonstrating its use for depositing the light absorber layer in efficient solar cells. The project closes the ChemPrint cycle of innovation by combining atomic-level control in solution processing with performance quantifiers (with F3). It provides direct comparisons of processing techniques, between sALD and gALD on the one hand and between sALD and evaporation-based methods on the other hand (with F3), and demonstrate how the control…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1719 C01
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Project C1 aims at controlling the morphology of the semiconductor deposit using the interactions that appear during sALD growth between the substrate, the solid deposit, and the liquid. Using information from M1, M3, M4, M5 and self-assembled monolayers from F6 to set the density of nucleation sites and interfacial energies, ligands and solvents will be adjusted to direct the growth mode from homogeneously vertical (film) to three-dimensional (hemispherical) or two-dimensional (planar flakes).…
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWE)
Acronym: ZIM SMARTIES
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dagmar Fischer
Professors
Contact
Im Mittelpunkt des Projekts steht die Entwicklung neuer Assay-Systeme zur Charakterisierung molekularer und partikulärer Delivery-Systeme und ihrer Interaktion mit membranösen Strukturen und zur Erfassung schwacher und/oder seltener Wechselwirkungen von Wirkstoffmolekülen mit ihren TargetMolekülen. Diese neuen Assay-Systeme basieren messtechnisch und analytisch auf einer Erweiterung des Methodenspektrums der bereits etablierten FCS-Technologie (FCS-easy Reader). Im Rahmen des ZIM geförderten „FC…
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWE)
Acronym: KernKat
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Europäische Union (EU)
Acronym: BRAINSTORM
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Danijela Gregurec
WISNA Professors
Contact
Funding source: Europäische Union (EU)
Acronym: CROSSBRAIN
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Danijela Gregurec
WISNA Professors
Contact
Neurons communicate and carry out tasks via a complex interaction of signalling mechanisms including electrical, chemical (molecular and ionic) and thermal changes. Their participation in a given task can be measured in part by signals generated during their depolarisation and repolarisation, both individually and as the synchronous activity of many cells (extracellular field potentials). The ambitious EIC-funded CROSSBRAIN project will develop a swarm of wireless, implantable, MRI-compatible mi…
Funding source: DFG / Graduiertenkolleg (GRK)
Acronym: GRK2423 - P3
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Dirk Zahn
Professors
Contact
The abrasion and fracture toughness of polymers can considerably be increased by adding hard nanoparticles such as silica. This is mainly caused by the development of localized shear bands, initiated by the stress concentrations stemming from the inhomogeneity of the composites. Other mechanisms responsible for toughening are debonding of the particles and void growth in the polymer matrix. Both phenomena strongly depend on the structure and chemistry of the polymers and shall be explored for br…
Funding source: DFG / Graduiertenkolleg (GRK)
Acronym: GRK2423 - P1
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Bernd Meyer
Professors
Contact
The chemical environment can critically affect the fracture processes, leading to subcritical crack growth. The inner surfaces of the cracks are covered by adsorbates from the surrounding liquid or gas phase. When bonds break in the course of crack propagation, these adsorbates strongly react with the newly created surfaces, for example, by saturating the broken bonds. Examples are stress corrosion cracking in metals and semiconductors or the moisture-driven crack growth in silica. In both cases…
Funding source: DFG / Graduiertenkolleg (GRK)
Acronym: GRK2423 - P8
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Dirk Zahn
Professors
Contact
The mechanical properties and the fracture toughness of polymers can be increased by adding silica nanoparticles. This increase is mainly caused by the development of localized shear bands, initiated by the stress concentrations due to the silica particles. Other mechanisms responsible for the observed toughening are debonding of the particles and void growth in the matrix material. The particular mechanisms depend strongly on the structure and chemistry of the polymers and will be analysed for…
Funding source: DFG / Graduiertenkolleg (GRK)
Acronym: GRK2423 - P7
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Bernd Meyer
Professors
Contact
Interface failure in both tension and shear is characterized by a dynamic interplay of local processes (breaking of bonds, interface contacts or – in case of frictional interfaces – asperities) and long-range elastic load re-distribution which may occur either quasi-statically or in a dynamic manner associated with wave propagation phenomena and can be mapped onto a network of partly break-able load transferring elements. This interplay may give rise to complex dynamics which are strongly influe…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1719
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
ChemPrint reinvents semiconductors research. This CRC shall inaugurate the patterned growth of functional inorganic semiconductors from solution with atomic precision using molecular chemical control. The mild processing conditions are inherently energy-efficient and the additive approach materials-efficient, in stark contrast to the characteristics of traditional semiconductor manu-fac¬tu¬ring. According to our tenet, the ultimate degree of control achieved routinely in classical molecular chem…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: ChemPrint
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
ChemPrint erfindet die Halbleiterforschung neu. Der SFB führt das strukturierte Wachstum funktionaler anorganischer Halbleiter aus der Lösung mit atomarer Präzision unter Verwendung molekularchemischer Kontrolle ein. Die milden Verarbeitungsbedingungen sind energieeffizient und der additive Ansatz materialeffizient, im Gegensatz zu den Merkmalen traditioneller Halbleiterherprozessierung. Unsere Überzeugung ist, dass der ultimative Grad an Kontrolle, der routinemäßig in der klassischen Molekülche…
Funding source: DFG / Graduiertenkolleg (GRK)
Acronym: SyMoCADS
Project leader: , , , , , , , , ,
Prof. Dr. Andrea Büttner
Professors
Contact
PD Dr. habil. Helene Loos
Privatdozent
Contact
A new research training group at FAU is being funded by the German Research Foundation. The research training group entitled „Synthetic Molecular Communications Across Different Scales: From Theory to Experiments“, or SyMoCADS for short, is led by Prof. Robert Schober (as spokesperson) and Prof. Kathrin Castiglione (Chair of Bioprocess Engineering) as co-spokesperson. This structured training program addresses the highly interdisciplinary field of molecular communication. Molecules are used as i…
Funding source: DFG / Graduiertenkolleg (GRK)
Acronym: GRK 2861
Project leader: , , , , , ,
Prof. Dr. Marcus Halik
Professors
Contact
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
Prof. Dr. Sabine Maier
Research associates
Contact
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
RTG2861-PCL is a collaboration between Technische Universität Dresden (TUD) and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), and is funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Our goal is to achieve atomic-precision synthesis and exploration of new planar carbon lattices (PCLs) for next-generation quantum materials, functional precision membranes, optoelectronic and electrochemical devices, by employing advanced experimental and theoretical methods in an interdisciplinary approach bri…
Completed research projects at the Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
Funding source: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Acronym: Beratung ISC
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: EU / Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Acronym: MSCA-PF: SMolarBatt
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Marie-Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
Acronym: LASERION
Project leader: ,
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Stiftungen
Acronym: Boost Fund
Project leader:
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Petra Imhof
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Acronym: DFG 899/6-2
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dagmar Fischer
Professors
Contact
Nanoparticles as carriers of pharmaceutical agents that can be released at specific times and in specific target areas in the sense of so-called “drug delivery” are of great interest to medicine. An important area of application is localized chemotherapy for tumor diseases, which prevents the entire body from being exposed to the therapeutic agent, thereby reducing otherwise harmful side effects. Due to their small size, individual nanoparticles have an advantage over larger drug carriers in the…
Funding source: ERC Proof of Concept (PoC)
Acronym: ALAMS
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Dr. Ryan Crisp
Research associates
Contact
Funding source: Volkswagen Stiftung
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Karl Mandel
Head
Contact
Funding source: andere Förderorganisation
Acronym: sALD
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt (BMFTR)
Acronym: f-Char
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Karsten Meyer
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt
Project leader:
Funding source: andere Förderorganisation
Acronym: Max-Buchner-Forschungsstipendium
Project leader:
Funding source: andere Förderorganisation
Project leader:
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Karl Mandel
Head
Contact
Composite systems can allow for combinations of properties that cannot or hardly be found for homogenous compounds. For this purpose, the project is supposed to combine coordination polymers or MOFs with nano to microscale particle systems for the synthesis of composite systems. Therefore, it will be expanded to a joint project of two applicants of the respective expertise. The aimed-at composites shall exhibit simultaneous optical and magnetic properties, e.g. by combination of luminescence wit…
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Peter Gmeiner
Professors
Contact
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane proteins that are excellent targets for drugs. Approximately 30% of the approved drugs and currently developed drug candidates address G-protein coupled receptors. Orexin OX1 receptors, which belong to Class A GPCRs, are also regarded as highly interesting pharmaceutical targets. OX1 receptors are expressed in the central nervous system and are involved in eating disorders, addiction and pain processing. Furthermore, due to their expression on col…
Funding source: Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt
Project leader:
Dr. Stephan Müssig
Research associates
Contact
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt (BMFTR)
Acronym: NANO-ID / NanoMatFutur
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Karl Mandel
Head
Contact
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
The storage of (renewable) electricity in chemical form (fuels) and its subsequent release occur in electrochemical devices such as electrolyzers and fuel cells. An economically viable exploitation of these devices requires electrode materials and architectures that are not only performant but also durable. However, electrocatalyst materials used to date are prone to corrosion and the factors affecting their stability in real electrode, which are complex multiphase entities, are not well underst…
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt (BMFTR)
Acronym: ECO2nvert
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
We aimto develop model systems with periodic, interpenetrating networks of electrondonor- and acceptor-phases based on the structural paradigm of metal-organicframeworks (MOFs). The MOFs allow maximum control over the nature of themolecular building blocks with specific electronic properties, their sequenceof assembly, their relative spatial orientation, their wall-thickness, andtheir overall orientation relative to a substrate. The goal of this project isto create such highly defined model syst…
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andriy Mokhir
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt (BMFTR)
Acronym: PolLux-Lamino
Project leader:
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader: , ,
Prof. Dr. Bernd Meyer
Professors
Contact
The project aims at gathering the fundamental knowledge required for improving the calculation of the service life of solid lubricated rolling bearings, which are typically used in vacuum pumps and rotatinganodes of medical X-Ray devices. The project will specifically focus on MoS2 tribological coatings. The only service life calculation model available up to date relies on an empirical approach, based on the assessment of the wear rate from macroscopic contact parameters such as load and slidin…
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Acronym: C3DS
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: EU - 8. Rahmenprogramm - Horizon 2020
Acronym: HYBRICYL
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Stiftungen
Project leader:
Dr. Sabrina Gensberger-Reigl
Research associates
Contact
Die Verwendung von Phosphaten in der Herstellung von Wurst ist derzeit nahezu unumgänglich. Phosphate verbessern nicht nur die Konsistenz des Wurstbräts, sondern tragen auch dazu bei, dass ein unerwünschter Austritt von Wasser und Fett aus dem fertigen Produkt verhindert wird. In jüngster Zeit kann die Verwendung dieser Kutterhilfsstoffe jedoch auf eine ablehnende Verbraucherhaltung stoßen, da die Verwendung von Phosphaten deklarationspflichtig ist und somit zu einem negativen Eindruck führen ka…
Funding source: Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE)
Acronym: CLATHROPROBES
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andriy Mokhir
Professors
Contact
The CLATHROPROBES project is devoted to the design and development of novel, highly efficient chiroptical, luminescent, IR, NMR and EPR probes for sensing and structural studies of biomolecules based on cage metal complexes (clathrochelates and lacunar complexes of spatial tris-diiminate ligands with encapsulated 3d-metal ion) as molecular reporters.For successful design and synthesis of cage metal complexes (WP1), their complete structural and spectroscopic characterization (WP2), studies of th…
Funding source: European Fellowships (EF)
Acronym: Hy-solFullGraph
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
The overarching goal of the Hy-solFullGraph project is to undertake, from a molecular level, the synthesis of new functional hybrid materials based on carbon allotropes with outstanding properties. Synthetic carbon allotropes (SCAs) are regarded to be among the most promising candidates for future high performance materials. Precise control of the derivatisation will play a key role in tailoring their solubility and reactivity to maximise the advantages of their outstanding …
Funding source: Bayerische Staatsministerien
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt (BMFTR)
Project leader:
Funding source: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD)
Acronym: PROCOPE
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
Funding source: ERC Consolidator Grant
Acronym: SOLACYLIN
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Industrie
Acronym: ALD Deposition
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
H2S is a highly toxic and corrosive environmental pollutant, which removal is necessary for pollution control and processing requirements in industry. In our recently filed patent (WO2012175630 A1 20121227) we describe an invention demonstrating that specially modified water soluble Fe, Mn, Co and Ni porphyrins (in particularly, highly positively charged ones) can be used for very efficient catalytic oxidation of H2S by O2 in pH neutral media. There is no need for separate catalyst re-oxidation,…
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
Ionische Flüssigkeiten (engl. Ionic liquids, ILs) sind geschmolzene Salze mit Schmelzpunkten unterhalb von 100°C. Ihre strukturelle Vielfalt eröffnet nahezu unbegrenzte Möglichkeiten für die Kombination von Kationen und Anionen mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften. Dies erlaubt die gezielte Variation der physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften über einen weiten Bereich und die Anpassung an spezifische Anforderungen. Nachdem anfänglich nur die Volumeneigenschaften der ILs im Vordergrund standen, wur…
Funding source: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
Funding source: Industrie
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Schatz
Professors
Contact
Funding source: EU - 7. RP / Ideas / ERC Advanced Investigator Grant (AdG)
Acronym: Graphenochem
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
We propose the development of modern wet chemical concepts for the mass production and chemical modification of graphene - a rapidly rising star on the horizon of materials science - opening the door for superior but still elusive applications such as transparent electrodes, field effect transistors, solar cells, gas sensors and polymer enforcement. Owing to its spectacular electronic properties graphene is expected to be the most promising candidate to replace classical Si-technology and no lon…
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
Graphene confined in one dimensional spaces, e.g. ribbons, represents one of the most promising materials for nanoscale semiconductor devices. However, convenient methods of producing such materials on surfaces suitable for device manufacture are lacking. A new oligomer approach to the synthesis of graphene ribbons on semiconductor surfaces is proposed, based upon oxidative aryl-aryl coupling reactions and Diels-Alder chemistry. This method will surpass current approaches based upon high-tempera…
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
Amphiphile Lipofullerene (A.L.F.) sind Fullerenhexaaddukte, die mit Alkylketten und mit hydrophilen Dendronen modifiziert sind. Die Dendrone besitzen als Endgruppen Säurefunktionen. Diese Verbindungen besitzen gegenüber herkömmlichen Amphiphilen einige neue Merkmale, die zu deutlich veränderten Eigenschaften der Liposomen führen. Sie bilden sehr stabile Liposomen, die darüber hinaus im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen leicht in ihren Aggregationseigenschaften durch V…
Funding source: DFG-Einzelförderung / Sachbeihilfe (EIN-SBH)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
Das vorliegende Projekt befaßt sich mit in situ-Röntgenphotoelektronenspektroskopie zur Untersuchung von Adsorptions- und Reaktionsvorgängen an Oberflächen. Die Experimente sollen z.T. unter Verwendung von hochintensiver Synchrotronstrahlung bei BESSY II in Berlin und z.T. im Labor in Erlangen durchgeführt werden. Dazu steht ein neues Elektronenspektrometer mit integriertem überschalldüsenstrahl zur Verfügung. Ein wesentliches Ziel der geplanten Arbeiten ist es, anhand der Untersuchungen zweier…
Acronym: EAM-SG24-01
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Carolin Müller
Assistant professors
Contact
Acronym: ETI-Förderung 2024-2_Nat_09_Mueller
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Carolin Müller
Assistant professors
Contact
Acronym: SOLAREC
Project leader:
The central focus of SOLAREC project is the creation of plasmonic Schottky junctions, M/(Pd or Au)CN as monometallic functional binary nanomaterials. How? By synthesizing gold and palladium nanoparticles (NPs) with 2 to 10 nm size to exploit their quantum effect and plasmonic properties, like hot electron injection, co-catalytic functions, and electron trap site functionalities. To maximize such metal NPs’ functionalities, its fundamental to ensure close interaction with a visible-light absorber…
Project leader:
PD Dr. habil. Helene Loos
Privatdozent
Contact
Chemical signals play a major role in physiological processes and are potent modulators of behaviour. The possible implication of chemosensory information in human social interaction, however, has long been neglected. Despite this, evidence is accumulating that an individual’s chemical signature bears not only information about genetically determined traits, but also about transient states such as the individual’s emotional or health status. The emerging field of human chemocommunication hence o…
Funding source: BMFTR / Verbundprojekt
Acronym: AdRecBat
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Karl Mandel
Head
Contact
Funding source: Bundesministerien
Acronym: TEL-Drug Delivery
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dagmar Fischer
Professors
Contact
The aim of this project is to develop a transport system for the oral administration of mRNA vaccines that ensures the safe, stable, and efficient transfer of mRNA to the intestine through the use of acid-stable special lipids. Advantages include (1) a patient-friendly form of administration, (2) potentially better biodistribution and higher stability of the mRNA active ingredients, and (3) a simple and sustainable manufacturing process. This should make mRNA vaccinations simple, cost-efficient,…
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt (BMFTR)
Acronym: IDcycLIB
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Karl Mandel
Head
Contact
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich / Transregio (SFB / TRR)
Acronym: SFB 1278 PolyTarget B03
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dagmar Fischer
Professors
Contact
The Collaborative Research Center PolyTarget is developing polymer-based, nanoparticulate carrier materials for the targeted application of active pharmaceutical ingredients. In the foreground are systems that are suitable for the treatment of diseases and syndromes whose morbidity is significantly characterized by an inflammatory reaction
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT M03
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dirk Zahn
Professors
Contact
Project M03 will perform molecular dynamics simulations for the in-depth understanding of effects that occur at the nanometre scale such as the self-organisation of IL layers and films (Kawska-Zahn approach). To account for charge polarisation in metal droplets and nanoparticles, the MM models will be extended by QeQ approaches. This effectively expands QM characterisation to MD simulations reaching the million atoms scale. Using multi-state MM models triggered by QM/MM calculations, the relaxat…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT M01
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Görling
Professors
Contact
The project aims at a microscopic quantum mechanical description of catalytic materials and processes in the three Areas A, B, and C (SCALMS, Interface-enhanced SILP, and Advanced SCILL). We will interpret and explain experimental data and develop and suggest strategies to optimise catalytic materials and processes. Based on conventional and newly developed density-functional methods (i) ab initio molecular dynamics simulations will be performed and (ii) slab and cluster models as well as (iii)…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT C05
Project leader: ,
In Project C05, we will explore the potential of Advanced SCILLs in electrocatalytic hydrogenation. Using a broad range of EC in situ spectroscopies, microscopies, and advanced EC characterisation methods, we will scrutinise the selective hydrogenation of unsaturated ketones and nitriles on a broad range of test electrodes (single crys-tals, atomically defined model electrodes, complex alloys and supported nanoalloys). At the electrified interface, we will explore (i) how ILs interact with speci…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT C03
Project leader:
In Project C03, we will elucidate the fundamental interaction mechanisms between functionalised ILs and catalytically active surfaces and their role in catalytic hydrogenation. To this aim, we will combine in situ studies at single crystals and atomically defined model catalysts in UHV with operando spectroscopy on real SCILLs under true working conditions. Our key tools will be vibrational spectroscopy (IRAS, PM-IRAS, DRIFTS) in combination with online analytics of products (MB experiments, TPD…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT C02
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
We aim at understanding the fundamental processes and the chemical/morphological stability of IL/solid interfaces in Advanced SCILLs. We will proceed in three steps: for non-functionalised and functionalised ILs, we will investigate (a) the chemical interaction and the wetting behaviour of (ultra)thin IL films on the supporting solid on a wide range of well-defined substrates, (b) the stability of Advanced SCILL systems from the point of view of interface chemistry and morphology, and finally, (…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT B04
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
We aim at understanding the fundamental processes that determine the properties of the gas/liquid interface of Interface-enhanced SILPs. Towards this aim, the Steinrück and Koller groups will apply X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under ultraclean conditions and the pendant drop method as well as surface light scattering under reac-tion conditions. This enables to develop relationships between the surface properties on the nanometre scale and the macroscopic properties surface tension, viscosity…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT B01
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Karsten Meyer
Professors
Contact
Project B01 focuses on the design and synthesis of functionalised and task-specific ILs, with the aim (i) to tailor support/IL interfaces and (ii) to develop electrocatalytically active interface-enhanced SILPs. The latter concept will combine catalytic functionalities operating at both the gas/IL and the IL/solid interfaces for the electrochemical production of hydrogen from water (or protons) and the hydrogenation of divers C=C and C=O moieties in selected substrates. These two processes shall…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT A06
Project leader: ,
A06 focuses on the technical dimension of SCALMS by exploring quantitatively the expected enhanced poisoning resistance and stability in dehydrogenation catalysis. For the specific case of isobutane dehydrogenation, we will perform systematic poisoning experiments under surface science and technical conditions. The data will be compared to traditional catalysts. Spectroscopic and reaction engineering studies will be applied to determine the concentration, reactivity, and regenerability of active…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT A04
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 1452 CLINT A01
Project leader:
A01 aims at understanding the catalytic properties of SCALMS and the dynamic behaviour of the active sites at the gas/liquid interface to enable their knowledge-based improvement. We will study model and real-world cata-lysts in UHV and near-ambient pressure to technical operating conditions. Towards providing a full “depth-resolved” picture, we will employ laboratory- and synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopic techniques with specific surface or bulk sensitivity. The fundamental studies will rev…
Funding source: EU - 8. Rahmenprogramm - Horizon 2020
Acronym: ODEUROPA
Project leader: , ,
Prof. Dr. Andrea Büttner
Professors
Contact
Our senses are gateways to the past. Although museums are slowly discovering the power of multi-sensory presentations, we lack the scientific standards, tools and data to identify, consolidate, and promote the wide-ranging role of scents and smelling in our cultural heritage. In recent years, European cultural heritage institutions have invested heavily in large-scale digitization. A wealth of object, text and image data that can be analysed using computer science techniques now exists. However,…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
We aim at understanding the fundamental processes that determine the properties of the gas/liquid interface of Interface-enhanced SILPs. Towards this aim, the Steinrück and Koller groups will apply X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy under ultraclean conditions and the pendant drop method as well as surface light scattering under reaction conditions. This enables to develop relationships between the surface properties on the nanometre scale and the macroscopic properties surface tension, viscosity…
Funding source: Leadership in Enabling & Industrial Technologies (LEIT)
Acronym: Mesomorph
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: EU - 8. Rahmenprogramm - Horizon 2020
Acronym: ATOPLOT
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: EU - 8. Rahmenprogramm - Horizon 2020
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andriy Mokhir
Professors
Contact
Funding source: EU - 8. Rahmenprogramm - Horizon 2020
Acronym: NeutroCure
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Andriy Mokhir
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wirtschaft und Medien, Energie und Technologie (StMWIVT) (ab 10/2013)
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
Funding source: BMFTR / Verbundprojekt
Acronym: Tubulyze
Project leader: ,
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
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Funding source: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Acronym: GrapheneCore1
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Future and Emerging Technologies (FET)
Acronym: GRAPHENE FPA
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
This Flagship aims to take graphene and related layered materials from a state of raw potential to a point where they can revolutionize multiple industries - from flexible, wearable and transparent electronics, to new energy applications and novel functional composites.Our main scientific and technological objectives in the different tiers of the value chain are to develop material technologies for ICT and beyond, identify new device concepts enabled by graphene and other layered materials, and…
Funding source: DFG / Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Görling
Professors
Contact
This joint experimental and theoretical project aims at the development of facile and environmentally friendly organocatalytic multi-step domino reactions exploiting dispersion interactions in these novel systems. We plan to conduct a series of multi-component domino reactions involving readily available nitroolefins and aldehydes, as well as CH-acidic malononitrile already known for its broad application and its versatile use as an exceptionally reactive compound. We will mainly focus on the fo…
Funding source: DFG - Forschungsgruppen
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
Planar transition metal complexes, such as porphyrins and phthalocyanines, adsorbed on solid supports are interesting systems for sensors and heterogeneous catalysis. An important feature of these complexes, compared to supported metal clusters, is the fact that the active sites, i.e., the coordinated metal centers with their vacant axial coordination sites, are well-defined and uniform. From the application point of view, this promises high selectivity, and from the research point of view easie…
Funding source: DFG - Forschungsgruppen
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
Knowledge-based design of organic/oxide interfaces requires detailed insights into molecule-oxide bond formation. This project aims at providing this information, combining two complementary surface spectroscopies, surface vibrational spectroscopy (IRAS, infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy) and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), both under UHV (ultrahigh vacuum) conditions.Starting from ordered, atomically clean oxides (MgO(100)/Ag(100), later Co3O4,CoO/I…
Funding source: DFG / Graduiertenkolleg (GRK)
Acronym: GRK1896-B1
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Sabine Maier
Research associates
Contact
Scanning probe microscopy allows quantitative measurements of structural, mechanical and electronic properties of molecular systems on metal surfaces. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, atoms and molecules can be manipulated in a controlled manner and their electronic density of states is measured. The forces needed to manipulate and deform individual molecules are often unknown. In this project area, the forces between individual molecules, as well as molecular switches on surfaces, are inve…
Funding source: DFG / Graduiertenkolleg (GRK)
Acronym: GRK1896-A4
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Christoph Brabec
Professors
Contact
Metal-organic charge-transfer complexes based on TCNQ shows exciting electrical or photochemical switching properties, which involves modification of the valence state of TCNQ (TCNQ-/TCNQ°). We use complementary microspectroscopic tools to investigate in-situ the switching behaviour of individual Ag-TCNQ nanocrystals. Structural probes like Nano-XRD and electron diffraction are considered to offer insight into potential structural modifications upon electrical switching.
Funding source: EU - 7. RP / Capacities / Kombination Verbundprojekt mit Koordinierungs- und Unterstützungsmaßnahme (CP-CSA)
Acronym: GRAPHENE
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
This Flagship aims to take graphene and related layered materials from a state of raw potential to a point where they can revolutionize multiple industries - from flexible, wearable and transparent electronics, to new energy applications and novel functional composites.Our main scientific and technological objectives in the different tiers of the value chain are to develop material technologies for ICT and beyond, identify new device concepts enabled by graphene and other layered materials, and…
Funding source: DFG - Forschungsgruppen
Project leader:
Das Ziel von funCOS 4 ist ein vertieftes Verständnis der fundamentalen Prozesse beim Wachstum von unterschiedlich synthetisierten organischen Dünnschichtsystemen auf Oxidoberflächen (einkristalline Substrate, nanostrukturierte Substrate, amorphe Substrate). Dies beinhaltet Wechselwirkungsphänomene, insbesondere das Zusammenspiel zwischen intermolekularen Wechselwirkungen und Molekül-Substrat-Wechselwirkung, die maßgebend für das Wachstum von organischen ultradünnen Filmen sind. Die strukturellen…
Funding source: DFG - Forschungsgruppen
Acronym: funCOS
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Görling
Professors
Contact
With the help of electronic structure calculations, the project aims at a comprehensive theoretical understanding at the microscopic level of the adsorbate-substrate and adsorbate-adsorbate interactions of functionalized organic molecules on structured oxide surfaces, which eventually shall enable a controlled formation of organic films with specific structural, electronic and optical properties. The first basic interaction, the adsorbate-substrate interaction, is the bonding of organic molecule…
Funding source: EU - 7. RP / Cooperation / Verbundprojekt (CP)
Acronym: M3d
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
M3d is a FP7 European project aiming at developing advanced magnetic materials suitable for designing a data storage solution in three dimensions (3D). Conventional planar (2D) devices are expected to reach the limits of scaling within less than a decade, so that long-term massive progress could only be achieved by exploiting the third dimension. We will develop the materials needed for such 3D memories based on magnetic shift-register devices, namely dense arrays of vertical magnetic wires in a…
Funding source: BMFTR / Verbundprojekt
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
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Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
Das Projekt A1 stellt die Materialbasis für drei Verbindungsklassen (synthetic carbon allotropes – SCA) des SFB sicher, nämlich 1) Fullerene, 2) Kohlenstoffnanoröhren und 3) Graphen und jeweils deren Derivate. Das Projekt ist in drei Arbeitspakete (WPs) unterteilt. Im WP1 wird der erste systematische Zugang zu SCA-Hydriden und –Carboxylaten, einschließlich der Entwicklung von Wasserstoff-Speicher-Systemen, der Postfunktionalisierung und dem effizienten Trennen vo…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 953
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
Ziel des Teilprojektes ist die chemische Modifizierung von Graphenschichten auf Metalloberflächen durch Heteroatome (N, B). Die vorgesehenen Strategien umfassen Voradsorption von N-haltigen (NO, C2N2, Pyridin) oder B-haltigen Molekülen (Diethylmethoxyboran), Dosierung reaktiver Spezies mit einem überschalldüsenstrahl, Funktionalisierung mit Rylenen und Porphyrinen, Hydrogenierung zu Graphan und Interkalation von Metallen. Darüber hinaus soll auch die in situ Synthese makromolekularer Strukturen…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 953
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Görling
Professors
Contact
Im Projekt sollen Kohlenstoffmaterialien, Fullerene, Polyine, Graphene wie auch bisher noch nicht synthetisierte Kohlenstoffallotrope wie beispielsweise Graphyne mit nichtempirischen elektronischen Strukturmethoden insbesondere etablierten wie neu zu entwickelnden Dichtefunktionalmethoden untersucht werden. Mit dem Ziel neue Kohlenstoffverbindungen und -materialien herzustellen sollen deren Bildung, Struktur und Energetik wie auch ihre spektroskopischen und elektronischen Eigenschaften analysier…
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 953
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Bernd Meyer
Professors
Contact
Ziel des Projektes ist die Entwicklung und Anwendung von schnellen parametrisierten quantenmechanischen Techniken (semiempirische Molekülorbital-Theorie und Dichtefunktional-basiertes tight binding, TB), um große Aggregate, die Kohlenstoff-Allotrope enthalten, zu berechnen und Reaktionsmechanismen zu bestimmen. Die dynamischen Eigenschaften von flexiblen molekularen Anordnungen werden sowohl mit klassisch-mechanischer als auch mit direkter TB Moleküldynamik und Metadynamik unters…
Funding source: DFG / Exzellenzcluster (EXC)
Acronym: EXC315 EAM (A3-7)
Project leader: ,
Prof. Dr. Bernd Meyer
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG / Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP)
Project leader:
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Project leader:
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans-Peter Steinrück
Senior Professor
Contact
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Project leader:
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
Funding source: EU - 8. Rahmenprogramm - Horizon 2020
Acronym: ATOPLOT
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Excellent Science
Acronym: ATOPLOT
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt (BMFTR)
Acronym: Tubulyze
Project leader:
Prof. Julien Bachmann (Ph. D.)
Professors
Contact
Funding source: DFG / Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB)
Acronym: SFB 953
Project leader:
Prof. Dr. Andreas Hirsch
Professors
Contact
Synthetic carbon allotropes such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene currently represent one of the most promising materials families with enormous potential for high-performance applications in the fields of nanoelectronics, optoelectonics, hydrogen storage, sensors and reinforcements of polymers based on their unprecedented electronic, optical, mechanical and chemical properties. Because of the almost limitless possibilities of constructing both discrete and extended networks of sp-,…